Saturday, September 13, 2014

Crystalline Insulin



            The crystal structure occurs in all classes of materials, with all types of chemical bonds. Almost all existing metal bonding on a polycrystalline state; amorphous or single-crystal metals must be produced synthetically, with great difficulty. Crystal ionic bonds can be formed during solidification of salt, either liquid or condensation of molten solution. Covalent crystals are also very common. An example is the diamond, silica, and graphite. Polymer materials generally will form crystalline parts, but the lengths of the molecules usually prevent complete crystallization. Weak Van der Waals style can also play a role in the crystal structure. For example, this is the type of bond that unites the hexagonal patterned layers on graphite.


Gallium, a metal easily form a large single crystal
            Although the term "crystal" has the meaning specified in the materials science and solid-state physics, in everyday life "crystal" refers to solid objects that show certain geometric shapes, and often bad in the eyes. Various forms of the crystals can be found in nature. The forms of these crystals depend on the type of molecular bond between the atoms to determine the structure, and also the creation of the state of the crystal. Snow flowers, diamonds, and table salt are examples of crystals.
            In any crystal color emitted, bring its own beauty. Twinkle-twinkle crystal light gives luxury and glamor impression. That's why it made ​​crystal jewelry and accesories that charming. Crystals color are very diverse. The colors of the crystals are also following months:
Crystal color corresponding month:
·         January: Pomegranate, a symbol of trust and friendship. The color red is getting increasingly expensive.
·         Feb: Amethyst, often acting on the philosophy of religion. The color is dark purple.
·         March: Aquamarine, soothing.
·         April: Diamond, symbol of love, passion, cheerful.
·         May: Emerald, associated with fertility, the wearer is said to be ageless.
·         June: Pearl, symbol of domestic happiness.
·         July: Red Pomegranate, associated with strength and power.
·         August: symbol of the patron, or protector.
·         September: Patchouli, purportedly believed that the wearer will have attractiveness.
·         Oct: Tourmaline, according to the young at heart.
·         November: Citrine, provide encouragement and hope, brownish yellow color.

·         Desember: Turquisa, give positive energy, the blue color of the sea.

Bismuth Crystal


            Bismuth is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. With crystalline trivalent metal has chemical property similar to arsenic and antimony. All types of metal, this element is diamagnetic and the second after the mercury is an element that has the lowest thermal conductivity. Lead-free bismuth compounds are often used as an ingredient in cosmetics and in the medical field.

            Heavy metals such as bismuth harmless elements like Lead, Thallium, and Antimony. Bismuth diamagnetic has high electrical resistance. When it have burned with oxygen, bismuth burns with a blue flame.
            In the earth's crust, bismuth is approximately 2 times more abundant than gold. Bismuth oxychloride is used in the field of cosmetics and bismuth subnitrate and subcarbonate used in the field of medicine.
·         Strong permanent magnets can be made from a mixture of bismanol (MnBi)
·         Bismuth is used in the production of soft iron
·         Bismuth is being developed as a catalyst in the manufacture of acrylic fiber
·         Bismuth has been used in peyolderan, low-toxic bismuth especially for soldering in food processing equipment.

·         As the layers of glass ceramic materials

Kinds of Crystal


            Crystal is a solid atom, molecule, or ion constituent packed regularly and repeatedly widened pattern in three dimensions.


            In general, liquid crystals form when subjected to compaction process. In ideal conditions, the result can be a single crystal, which all the atoms in the solid "attached" to the crystal lattice or similar structure, but, in general, most of the crystals formed simultaneously resulting in polycrystalline solids. For example, most metals that we see everyday are polycrystalline.
            Crystalline structure which is formed from a liquid depends on the fluid chemistry itself, when the solidification conditions, and ambient pressure. Process of forming a crystalline structure known as crystallization.
Bismuth crystal
            Although the cooling process often produces a crystalline material, under certain circumstances the fluid can freeze in a non-crystalline form. In many cases, this occurs because the cooling is too fast so that atoms cannot reach its lattice site. A non-crystalline material commonly called amorphous or glassy material. Such materials are also sometimes referred to as an amorphous solid, although there are clear differences between solids and glasses. The process of forming a glass does not release heat melt types. For this reason many scientists consider glassy materials as liquids, not solids.
Insulin Crystals
            Crystal structure occurs in all classes of materials, with all types of chemical bonds. Almost all existing metal bonding on a polycrystalline state; amorphous or single-crystal metals must be produced synthetically, with great difficulty. Crystal ionic bonds can be formed during solidification of salt, either liquid or condensation of molten solution. Covalent crystals are also very common. An example is the diamond, silica, and graphite. Polymer materials generally will form crystalline parts, but the length of the molecules usually prevents complete crystallization. For example, this is the type of bond that unites the hexagonal patterned layers on graphite.

            Most crystalline materials have various types of disabilities crystalographic. The type and structure of these defects can be a great effect on the properties of the material.

Tips for Glass Treatment


            After you know various forms and functions of glasses, automatically you will choose the right glass. You should wash it carefully.
            Such as when you are washing wine glasses, there are several things you should consider. Wine glasses or a nice glass of wine should not be washed with soap, unless there is oil in the lipstick or lip glass. If it should be washed with soap, just wash the glass lip only. Soap stuck in the glass will ruin the taste of wine.
            Wash good wine glasses with warm water is no more than 40 degrees. If the water is too hot, the glass could crack / break. After that, dry with a soft cloth.

Cleaning Glass because Scratched
            Clear glass, in various colors and designs, refracting light into many colors, is a sight to behold. This is how the sunglasses brand new look, when you have just bought them from the store cutlery.
            However, as you use it, the glass can develop scratches, or looked gloomy and overcast. Scratches on the glass can be caused by various reasons such as the deposition of minerals, hard water, detergent, and wash improper.
            Spotting or obscure glass, along with a few scratches here and there, cannot be avoided. This occurs as the age of the glass and also due to frequent washing. Scratches can also affect decanters and vase in it. Stagnant water can corrode the glass and make it gloomy. Here are some methods for removing scratches from glass, with materials, easily available in every household. There are also several chemical compounds.
1.      Baking soda is an excellent means for removing scratches from glass. Mix baking soda with a little toothpaste and rub it on the scratch, with your fingers.
2.      Continue rubbing until you make scratch it then disappeared. However, this method is only useful for glass that has light scratches.
3.      Vinegar is an effective agent to make stain-free glass. You can use distilled white vinegar to remove the stain glass. For this, wrap the glass in vinegar-soaked dish cloth or paper towel for about an hour. Wash the glass and spray white vinegar to avoid staining further. Rinse the vinegar off and allow the glass to dry thoroughly.

4.       You can also use your nail polish remover for this purpose. Acetone, which is the main compound in the remover, is known to facilitate the scratches on the glass. Dip a soft cloth in acetone and rub it on the surface until you find the stain disappears.

Kinds of Glasses


            You must be very familiar with home furnishings, glass. But you know, that there are various kinds of glass, based on form, and function. Kinds of different glass show different function.
            Different forms of glass bring different contents. So, you will be able to enjoy a drink if you understand type of glasses for drinking. Well, to know a variety of glass and its function, see explanation below.

Water Glasses or Water Goblet
            The form has a stalk or foot. When you see the shape, it shaped almost like hibiscus. Water glasses can be a regular shape, not too thick, but strong and has no stalk / ear.
Syrup Glass
            This glass is usually used to use for juice or soft drinks. Shape at the top has a round head. Syrup glass has straight body shape like a straw and translucent.
Wine Glasse
This wine glass is used for serving drinks wine / wine. There are two types of wine glasses:
·         Glasses for red wine. Head round glasses. Glass shapes like bowls but have stalks or slim straight leg.
·         Glasses for white wine. The shape is more slender and slightly higher than a glass of red grape.
Beer Glasses
            The glass is commonly used for drinking beer. There are two types of beers, they are:
1.      Mugs beer. Head globular glass, big body and thick glasses, and has the ear cups.
2.      Pilsener glass. The shape resembles a glass vase (large and long), and getting to the bottom diameter is getting smaller.
Coffee Cups
            Coffee cups usually used to drink coffee. There are two kinds of cups of coffee:
·         Coffee cups. The glass is not clear, have ears, the material is rather thick to withstand the heat. Usually used for hot coffee drinks, coffee or milk.
·         Espresso cup. The shape is smaller than the coffee cup.


Thursday, September 11, 2014

Tips To Distinguish Original Swarovski Crystals with a Fake One


           
You may be careful when you want to buy swarovski crystals. Because nowadays there are so many persons sells swarovski crystals with low prices, but behind it all, customer should really carefully before buy, sometimes the crystal combine between swarovski crystals and artificial crystal, and china are very similar about KW1. Because it is a combination, so the price is cheaper than the original crystal.
            If you want to distinguish the original and the fake one, you may see from the luster. The luster from fake crystals is easy faded. To distinguish between both of them here are the tips:

1.      Swarovski crystals are always coverd in the pack. It cut by machine so each crystal has same shape and each corner faced. Swarovski crystals do not have any air bubbles in it. Quality Swarovski crystals will give clarity and sparkle that is not found in other crystals.
2.      Swarovski made ​​by one of the most important elements, which is used to manufacture 31%, crystal elements so original crystal is heavy. Every size has a specific weight.
3.      Seleection color names selected specifically by Swarovski. Every purchase 1 pack in form of a hologram and written CRYSTALIZED. Swarovski use color names such as Citrine, Topaz atauMontana, Sapphire and do not use common colors such as red, yellow or blue.

            So, for buyers, please be careful in choosing swarovski crystals from the seller. Hopefully this info can be useful for all readers.

How to Clean the Crystal Up


            Ornamental crystals are popular decorations on home interior. In addition it has beautiful form, looks elegant, then usually crystal display placed in glass cabinets. By giving artificial lighting inside the rack it will beautify scintillation crystal trinkets.
            Crystal display prices are from the lowest to the highest price. The price variation depends on the quality of the crystal.


            Good crystal made ​​of crystal or glass, which are reject dust relatively. Different with crystals which made ​​from acrylic or plastic, it will absorb dust. The way to distinguish is by beating on metal objects. When a loud voice, like a toast on crystal wine glasses, it means that crystal has good quality. Crystals of plastic or acrylic material usually reads low.
            Even good crystal can rejected dust, but we still need to clean it periodically. This is way to keep the furniture crystals even your crystal is too old.
            How to clean crystal display is actually very easy. You simply wash with soapy water crystals, at least once every three months. Try crystal submerged in water until the soap all over his body. After that, rinse with clean water. Then dry using a soft towel or cloth.
            For dirty inside of crystal, use combination of salt and vinegar dissolved in hot water. Rub the inside of crystals and clean use a cotton bud and mix this solution. Rinse with clean water and dry.

            You may try it at your home. Clean crystal up is very easy and simple. Make your crystal shiny.

Tuesday, September 9, 2014

How to Find Crystal Fake - Made by Man

Crystal is great for home decor, but do not give results if used in meditation or healing purposes.  If you intend to buy this crystal, make sure you get the proper price. Here you can see what differences between original crystal and crystal fake made by man.


1.      Original crystal will feel colder when it touched.
2.      Original crystal heavier when it weighed.
3.      When you observe a genuine crystal vertically from the bottom, you will see the points of light that is the point of the crystalline consciousness.
4.      You can compare the energy emitted at the end of the crystal, although they emit is not so strong because it has not been cleaned crystal and programmed. In the original crystal will easily feel radiancy while the crystal almost feels fake.
5.      You can find out the authenticity of your crystal with crystal lay you on the table , then let your pendulum spin on it , if the rotation is wider in diameter , then your crystal energy is large enough , it can happen because of the energy field around the crystal . You do not need to ask a question on your pendulum.
6.      You can flick your finger crystals; listen to his voice clear as metal out of your crystal.
7.      Dengan you rub two crystals in a dark place. If it appears there is a flame, then you are the original crystal. But be careful not to damage your crystal.
 
            World trade in crystal sells fake crystals and they are sold at a low price and some have sold at high prices as the original crystal. Some people buy a crystal for treatment but many are fooled into buying fake crystal so that the crystal is in purchasing it does not affect anything towards the treatment.
 
            In the market many sellers are selling crystal. Then when the seller was selling it to another people, the seller will also say that it is genuine crystals without knowing how to distinguish the original crystal with a fake. Be honest and fair to others. And this applies to everyone, include in your profession.
 
            When you buy and sell crystals , do what we inform above and apply them . It will be better to know them at beginning, when we buy and sell crystal. Let each show kindness to all creatures, interlocking kindness and love chain. Be careful and choose the best crystal.


Murano Glass

Murano glass is also known as Italy crystal has become a commodity very well known from the City of Murano in Venice for centuries. Located off the coast of Venice, Italy, Murano was a commercial port city since the 7th century. In the 10th century, Murano has been known as a trade city forward. The work of Murano glass produced here has a strong tradition of taste and perfection in creation, because it gives the impression of luxury to enhance the aesthetic value of your home.

            For thousands of years, the craftsman reliably (the master glassmakers) of Murano has created their works of art with handmade. Experience and love of the art form the basis of this ancient art. Over the centuries, the craftsmen in Murano reliably have monopolized the best quality for glass-based artwork. With the technology that is still used to the present day, from glass crystal (crystalline glass), glass enamel (smalto), glass with the application of gold (aventurine), multicolored glass (millefori), milk glass (lattimo), and various artificial precious stones made of glass.

            The process of making art, known as Murano glass is more complicated than the others. Most Murano glass is made by a method such as making light (Lampworking technique). Glass is made from silica which would be a liquid at a given temperature. When glass is undergoing phase from liquid to hard or solid, there is a certain period of time, it is here when the artist forming glass into the desired shape.

            Some of the tools used by the artist are also used centuries earlier. Among other things borselle (clamp is used to form the hot glass with the manual), canna da Soffio (special pipe for blowing), Pontello (tool of iron that is used to attach two different objects after the glass is blown and given a final touch), Scagno (the workbench or glass-master craftsmen's), and tagianti (giant scissors to cut glass).


            In the 1950s there was a tendency to create works of Murano natural colors glass. However, over the times and thanks to more advanced technology for processing steel oxidation, the variety of colors can be created stunning glass. So, how to distinguish Murano glass with regular glass?
            The basic difference between Murano glass and ordinary glass first is the basic ingredient. Murano glass has a base material of coral stone, quartz, and ceramic murano glass. Murano glass is specifically created as a high quality glass craftsmanship. The content of pebbles contained in it gives a subtle glow effect and content of quartz sand is made ​​of glass into a colorful. Ordinary glass cannot provide a similar effect.

            Moreover, Murano glass has more than 99 percent of the content of silicon dioxide, compared with ordinary glass that only has less than 80 percent of the content of silicon dioxide. The addition of tin is melted in a glass murano provide pure refraction in the light.

Monday, September 8, 2014

The Difference between Crystal and Glass


            Crystal is one thing that is often presented in the living room. Crystal decorative items were categorized into luxury, no wonder, just some people who have used one of the crystals and they display it in the living room. Crystals present in a variety of forms, ranging from a crystal jar, crystal chandelier, crystal table lamp, vase of crystal, and so on. Crystal are quite luxurious and expensive.
            However, in addition crystal objects, we also recognize objects made of glass. Most people do not understand the difference between objects made of crystal and glass objects. By understanding the difference between the furniture of crystal glass furniture, we can provide appropriate treatment, so that the crystal becomes more durable furniture and pretty.
Here are the difference.


·         View thickness
Objects which made of glass is usually thinner than objects made of crystal.
·         Compare the weight
Objects made of crystals tend to be more severe than with objects made ​​of glass. However, in comparing the two objects, make sure that the size and shape is not much different, so the results of the comparison will be more showed accurately. Crystal glass is heavier than usual because of the material contained crystals that make it hard, dense, and impressed contains compared to glass.
·         See end
            Glass has sharp edges and pointy, so that may irritate the skin. Meanwhile, the crystal usually has a solid tip, and slightly curved. This can be seen when the two objects are the same, same burst.
·         Navigate to the near lamp or lighting
            Navigate objects made of crystal and glass objects near the lamp or lighting. We will see that on the surface of the glass, there is a bit of a yellowish color, the result of reflection of light. In the crystal objects, we will find that the surface will remain clear or translucent when exposed to light. Prism crystal objects will produce colored, the color of the effect of light reflection.
·         Cleaning and caring for objects made ​​from crystal
            Normally, to treat and clean crystal, we simply wiped away from dust. However, for crystals that are a little, long and dull, it takes a special fluid. This fluid is usually special cleaning liquid crystals that can be found in the store - a store that sells furniture made ​​from crystal. If you want to make your own, you can use isopropyl alcohol chemicals are mixed with water that has been distilled. Then, insert this solution into a spray bottle. Spray the cleaning solution on the entire surface of the crystal is a crystal, and then rubbed smooth with a clean cloth. Wait until completely - completely dry before returning it to its original place.


 
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